Physics - Class X - Chapter No.10 - Questions And Answers


PROPERTIES OF MATTER


IMPORTANT QUESTIONS OF PAST PAPERS:

1) State (define) the Archimedes's Principle (2009, 2013)
2) Why does a nail sink in water whereas a ship having a much bigger mass floats on the surface of water? (Give scientific reason) (2009)
Ans: Needle:
A needle is made of iron sinks in water because the buoyant force acting on it is less than its weight. It is due to the fact the volume of a needle is very small and hence the weight of the water displaced by the needle is less than the weight of the needle.
Ship:
A ship is so designed that its volume is very large. Hence the buoyant force which is equal to the weight of equal volume of water displaced by the ship is very large and is greater than its weight. Hence a ship floats on the surface of water in a sea.)
3) Define stress, strain and state Hooke's Law and write the formulae of young's Modulus of elasticity. (2009)
4) State Pascal's Principle. Describe any one of its application. (2010)
OR
Write the name of the law which states " When a pressure is applied to a liquid it is transmitted equally in all directions." Define any one application of this law. (2018)
5) Define evaporation. Write down any four factors on which the rate of evaporation depends. (2010)
6) State
(i)Hook's Law ( 2011, 2013, 2016)
(ii) Pascal’s principle / law ( 2011, 2013)
7) State Pascal’s principle and write its three uses in daily life. ( 2012)
OR
Define Pascal's law and explain any one of its application by diagram. (2016)
8)Write two point of difference between stress and strain (2013)
9)Define
(i) viscosity (2013, 2019)
(ii) Surface tension (2013, 2019)
10) Explain hooks law applied helical springs. (2015)
11) Describe four examples showing surface tension. (2015)
12) Define pressure. Write its formula and S.I unit. ( 2017)

Questions And Answers

Q.1 Define matters. What are different states of matter?
Ans: Matter:
Anything which has mass and occupies space is called matter.

States Of Matter:
Generally, matter exist in three states namely solid, liquid and gas. The state of matter depend upon its temperature.

Solid:

  1. Solid have fixed volume and fixed shape.
  2. In solid, the molecules are closely packed.
  3. The force of attraction between molecules is very strong.
  4. Particles in solids only vibrates about their mean position.
  5. Inter-particle distance of a solid body is fixed.


Liquid:

  1. Liquid have fixed volume but no fixed shape. They assume the shape of container.
  2. In liquids, the molecules are free to move.
  3. The force of attraction between molecules is small as compared to that of solids.
  4. Liquids are incompressible and maintain their level.


Gases:

  1. Gases have neither fixed volume nor fixed shape.
  2. They occupy the space available to them.
  3. The force of attraction between the molecules of a gas is negligibly small.
  4. Gas molecules move freely in all directions with all possible velocities.


Plasma:
A plasma is any state of matter which contains enough free charged particlees for its dynamical behavior to be governed bt electromagnetic waves. Plasma is largely concerned with ionized gases but metals and semi conductors also fall into this category.

Q.2: Define Elasticity. Stress and Strain. State Hooke's law. Also define modulus of elasticity and elastic limit.
Ans: Elasticity:
The property of solids that restore them to their original shapes when external force ceases to act is called elasticity.
Example: When a force is applied to a stretch rubber band, it regains its original state after the removal of the force. Thus a rubber band is an elastic body.










You may like these posts